PAPER

LAYOUT PAPER:

• Used by designers, particularly in advertising. It's partial translucency allows it to be used as a tracing paper.
• The designer builds up an advertising layout from a number of elements. As each of these elements is approved by their client/agency then they are added to the layout until it is complete.

BLEED PROOF PAPER:

• Bleed proof (or marker) paper is similar to cartridge paper but a protective layer applied to the reverse of the sheet prevents the marker ink from bleeding through to the next sheet.

CARTRIDGE PAPER:

• They provide a good surface for sketching and using coloured pencils for rendering. There are a variety of qualities but heavier papers are generally more versatile, being less prone to yellowing with age and likely to be acid free.

WATERCOLOUR PAPER:

• Watercolours can be used with cartridge papers, but to prevent 'cockling', the papers must first of all be stretched, hence special watercolour papers are available. These provide a good surface texture that will accept acrylics, gouache and pastel as well as watercolour.
• There are three main textures available in watercolour papers:

1. Hot-pressed papers have a hard, smooth surface
2. Cold-pressed papers have a rougher surface, which enhances the finished image by allowing more of the colour to be absorbed
3. A third type if rougher than cold-pressed paper, having more peaks and hollows (known as tooth) on its surface

 

 

 

 

PAPER PROPERTIES AND USES:

- Opacity: An opaque paper will allow little or no 'show though' of the image from the other side. One of the most desirable properties of writing and printing paper.

- Gloss, glare, finish and smoothness: Gloss refers to surface lustre, glare refers to the way the paper reflects light, finish refers to the general surface characteristics of the paper and smoothness refers to the absence of surface irregularities.

- Strength and durability: The strength of the paper is determined by the following factors; the strength of individual fibres; average length of fibre; strength of bonds between fibres; structure of the paper.

- Tensile strength: Most papers require a certain minimum strength to withstand the production processes: including printing, embossing and folding, as well as handling.

- Bending strength: The thinner the sheet, the more flexible and light it is; conversely the thicker and heavier the paper, resulting in a dense sheet with very little porosity.

- Porosity: Is reduced with the addition of size to the paper. Greaseproof paper is made by beating the paper, resulting in a dense sheet with very little porosity.